Real Options Analysis for Commodity Based Mining Enterprises with Compound and Barrier Features

Neural Network Performance Analysis for Real Time Hand Gesture Tracking Based on Hu Moment and Hybrid Features

This paper presents a comparison study between the multilayer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF) neural networks with supervised learning and back propagation algorithm to track hand gestures. Both networks have two output classes which are hand and face. Skin is detected by a regional based algorithm in the image, and then networks are applied on video sequences frame by frame in...

Valuation of Commodity-Based Swing Options

In the energy markets, in particular the electricity and natural gas markets, many contracts incorporate flexibility-of-delivery options, known as “swing” or “take-or-pay” options. Subject to daily as well as periodic constraints, these contracts permit the option holder to repeatedly exercise the right to receive greater or smaller amounts of energy. We extract market information from forward ...

Analogy based Valuation of Commodity Options

Risk Financing for Knowledge-Based Enterprises: Mechanisms and Policy Options*

New knowledge-based enterprises have several characteristics that limit their options for obtaining financing from external sources: they have little or no collateral, their assets tend to be intangible, and the value of their innovations is hard to calculate. For these reasons, entrepreneurs in the more knowledge-intensive fields tend to rely largely on equity financing. This is a more “patien...

Study of the Economic Nature of the Barrier Options and Its Jurisprudential Analysis

The purpose of this study is to investigate the economic and jurisprudential nature of barrier Option. Options are a type of derivative instrument in the financial markets that gives a person the right to buy or sell an asset without obligation. This tool is used along with other types of derivative tools to cover risk and speculation. Two kindes of barrier option are the Knock-In and Knock-out...